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'''William Henry Gates III''' <!-- Please see the FAQ and previous discussions on the article's talk page; The FAQ records a consensus not to include post-nominals here, and WP:POSNOM only says to include them when they are issued by a state or organization "with which the subject has been closely associated" (which does not apply here). --> (born October 28, 1955) is an American [[business magnate]], investor, philanthropist, and writer. He is a co-founder of [[Microsoft]], along with his late childhood friend [[Paul Allen]].{{Sfn|Manes|1994|p=11}}<ref name=":5">{{cite web|title=Bill Gates (American computer programmer, businessman, and philanthropist)|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Bill-Gates|access-date=March 20, 2013|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130328082612/https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/226865/Bill-Gates|archive-date=March 28, 2013}}</ref> During his career at Microsoft, Gates held the positions of [[chairman]], [[chief executive officer]] (CEO), [[President (corporate title)|president]] and [[software architect|chief software architect]], while also being the largest individual [[shareholder]] until May 2014.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Foley|first=Mary Jo|date=August 15, 2017|title=Bill Gates' stake in Microsoft is now just 1.3 percent|url=https://www.zdnet.com/article/bill-gates-stake-in-microsoft-is-now-just-1-3-percent/|access-date=July 26, 2021|website=ZDNet}}</ref> He was a major entrepreneur of the [[Home computer|microcomputer revolution]] of the 1970s and 1980s.
Gates was born and raised in [[Seattle]]. In 1975, he and Allen founded Microsoft in [[Albuquerque, New Mexico]]. It became the world's largest [[personal computer]] software company.<ref name="CNN Tech">{{cite web|title=Bill Gates no longer Microsoft's biggest shareholder|url=https://money.cnn.com/2014/05/02/technology/gates-microsoft-stock-sale/|website=CNN Money|access-date=August 22, 2014|last1=Sheridan|first1=Patrick|date=May 2, 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140820064251/https://money.cnn.com/2014/05/02/technology/gates-microsoft-stock-sale|archive-date=August 20, 2014}}</ref>{{Refn|group="lower-alpha"|Gates regularly documents his share ownership through public U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission [[Form 4]] filings.<ref>{{citation|title=MSFT|url=https://www.nasdaq.com/symbol/msft/institutional-holdings|publisher=NASDAQ|type=Holdings|access-date=April 10, 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111019112613/http://www.nasdaq.com/asp/holdings.asp?symbol=MSFT&selected=MSFT&FormType=form4|archive-date=October 19, 2011}}</ref><ref>{{citation|title=MSFT|publisher=NASDAQ|type=Symbol|url=http://www.nasdaq.com/symbol/msft|access-date=April 10, 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160408230653/http://www.nasdaq.com/symbol/msft|archive-date=April 8, 2016}}</ref>}} Gates led the company as chairman and CEO until stepping down as CEO in January 2000, succeeded by [[Steve Ballmer]], but he remained chairman of the board of directors and became chief software architect.<ref>{{cite web|title=Gates steps down as Microsoft CEO|url=https://www.forbes.com/2000/01/13/mu7.html|website=Forbes|date=January 13, 2000|access-date=January 21, 2016|first=David|last=Einstein|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160126145821/http://www.forbes.com/2000/01/13/mu7.html|archive-date=January 26, 2016}}</ref> During the late 1990s, he was [[Criticism of Microsoft|criticized for his business tactics]], which have been considered [[Anti-competitive practices|anti-competitive]]. This opinion has been upheld by numerous court rulings.{{Sfnm|1a1=Lesinski|1y=2006|1p=96|2a1=Manes|2y=1994|2p=459}} In June 2008, Gates transitioned to a part-time role at Microsoft and full-time work at the [[Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation]], the private charitable foundation he and his then-wife [[Melinda French Gates|Melinda]] established in 2000.<ref>{{cite web|title=Microsoft Chairman Gates to leave day-to-day role|url=https://money.cnn.com/2006/06/15/technology/microsoft_news/index.htm?iid=EL|website=money.cnn.com|access-date=January 21, 2016|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160130104313/https://money.cnn.com/2006/06/15/technology/microsoft_news/index.htm?iid=EL|archive-date=January 30, 2016}}</ref> He stepped down as chairman of the board of Microsoft in February 2014 and assumed a new post as technology adviser to support the newly appointed CEO [[Satya Nadella]].<ref name=":2" /> In March 2020, Gates left his board positions at Microsoft and [[Berkshire Hathaway]] to focus on his philanthropic efforts on [[climate change]], [[global health]] and development, and education.<ref name="Haselton">{{cite news |last=Haselton |first=Todd |date=March 13, 2020 |title=Bill Gates leaves Microsoft board |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2020/03/13/bill-gates-leaves-microsoft-board.html |work=[[CNBC]] |access-date=March 13, 2020 }}</ref>
Since 1987, Gates has been included in the [[The World's Billionaires|''Forbes'' list of the world's wealthiest people]].<ref name="Why Isn't on 'Forbes' List">{{cite magazine|url=http://www.newsweek.com/why-putin-isnt-forbes-billionaires-list-310818|title=Why Putin Isn't on 'Forbes' Billionaires List|magazine=[[Newsweek]]|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171020091119/http://www.newsweek.com/why-putin-isnt-forbes-billionaires-list-310818|archive-date=October 20, 2017}}</ref><ref name="FORBES_The_Next_Bill_Gates">{{cite news|url=https://www.forbes.com/2010/01/19/young-tech-billionaire-gates-google-yahoo-wealth.html|title=The Next Bill Gates|last=Thibault|first=Marie|date=January 19, 2010|work=Forbes|access-date=December 20, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120719063548/http://www.forbes.com/2010/01/19/young-tech-billionaire-gates-google-yahoo-wealth.html|archive-date=July 19, 2012}}</ref> From 1995 to 2017, he held the ''[[Forbes]]'' title of the richest person in the world every year except from 2010 to 2013.<ref name="Forbes profile">{{cite web|title=Billionaires #2 Bill Gates|url=https://www.forbes.com/profile/bill-gates/?list=billionaires#7e2e8d9c689f|website=Forbes|date=March 5, 2019| access-date=April 5, 2020}}</ref> In October 2017, he was surpassed by [[Amazon (company)|Amazon]] founder and CEO [[Jeff Bezos]], who had an estimated net worth of US$90.6&nbsp;billion compared to Gates's net worth of US$89.9&nbsp;billion at the time.<ref name="Forbes">{{cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/katevinton/2017/10/27/amazon-ceo-jeff-bezos-is-the-richest-person-in-the-world-again/|title=Amazon CEO Jeff Bezos Is The Richest Person In The World-Again|work=[[Forbes]]|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180311082026/https://www.forbes.com/sites/katevinton/2017/10/27/amazon-ceo-jeff-bezos-is-the-richest-person-in-the-world-again/|archive-date=March 11, 2018}}</ref> As of February 2023, Gates has an estimated net worth of US$113 billion, making him the fourth-richest person in the world.<ref name="Bloomberg">{{cite news|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/billionaires/profiles/william-h-gates/ |title=Bloomberg Billionaires Index: Bill Gates |newspaper=Bloomberg.com |publisher=Bloomberg |access-date=February 2, 2023}}</ref>
Later in his career and since leaving day-to-day operations at Microsoft in 2008, Gates has pursued many business and philanthropic endeavors. He is the founder and chairman of several companies, including [[Branded Entertainment Network|BEN]], [[Cascade Investment]], [[TerraPower]], [[bgC3]], and [[Breakthrough Energy]]. He has given sizable amounts of money to various charitable organizations and scientific research programs through the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, reported to be the world's largest [[Private foundation|private charity]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2017/aug/15/bill-gates-charity-donation-microsoft-shares-foundation|title=Bill Gates gives $4.6bn to charity in biggest donation since 2000|last=Neate|first=Rupert|date=August 15, 2017|website=The Guardian |location=London |language=en|access-date=April 10, 2018}}</ref> Through the foundation, he led an early 21st century [[vaccination]] campaign that significantly contributed to the eradication of the wild [[poliovirus]] in Africa.<ref>{{Cite web|last1=Barry|first1=Michele|last2=Oswald|first2=Lucas Oliver|date=September 16, 2020|title=How polio eradication in Africa can inform the global COVID-19 response|url=https://scopeblog.stanford.edu/2020/09/16/how-polio-eradication-in-africa-can-inform-the-global-covid-19-response/|access-date=April 20, 2021|website=Scope|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Maclean|first=Ruth|date=August 24, 2020|title=Africa Celebrates the End of the Wild Poliovirus (but Not the End of All Polio)|language=en-US|work=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/08/24/world/africa/polio-africa-eradicated.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200824164057/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/08/24/world/africa/polio-africa-eradicated.html |archive-date=August 24, 2020 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|access-date=April 20, 2021|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> In 2010, Gates and [[Warren Buffett]] founded [[The Giving Pledge]], whereby they and other billionaires pledge to give at least half of their wealth to philanthropy.<ref name="Fortune challenge">{{cite web|url=http://fortune.com/2010/06/16/the-600-billion-challenge|title=The $600 billion challenge|website=[[Fortune (magazine)|Fortune]]|access-date=April 16, 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170316165028/http://fortune.com/2010/06/16/the-600-billion-challenge/|archive-date=March 16, 2017}}</ref>

Revision as of 23:06, 4 March 2023

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(1969-09-22) September 22, 1969 (age 55)

William Henry Gates III (born October 28, 1955) is an American business magnate, investor, philanthropist, and writer. He is a co-founder of Microsoft, along with his late childhood friend Paul Allen.Template:Sfn<ref name=":5">Template:Cite web</ref> During his career at Microsoft, Gates held the positions of chairman, chief executive officer (CEO), president and chief software architect, while also being the largest individual shareholder until May 2014.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> He was a major entrepreneur of the microcomputer revolution of the 1970s and 1980s.

Gates was born and raised in Seattle. In 1975, he and Allen founded Microsoft in Albuquerque, New Mexico. It became the world's largest personal computer software company.<ref name="CNN Tech">Template:Cite web</ref>Template:Refn Gates led the company as chairman and CEO until stepping down as CEO in January 2000, succeeded by Steve Ballmer, but he remained chairman of the board of directors and became chief software architect.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> During the late 1990s, he was criticized for his business tactics, which have been considered anti-competitive. This opinion has been upheld by numerous court rulings.Template:Sfnm In June 2008, Gates transitioned to a part-time role at Microsoft and full-time work at the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, the private charitable foundation he and his then-wife Melinda established in 2000.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> He stepped down as chairman of the board of Microsoft in February 2014 and assumed a new post as technology adviser to support the newly appointed CEO Satya Nadella.<ref name=":2" /> In March 2020, Gates left his board positions at Microsoft and Berkshire Hathaway to focus on his philanthropic efforts on climate change, global health and development, and education.<ref name="Haselton">Template:Cite news</ref>

Since 1987, Gates has been included in the Forbes list of the world's wealthiest people.<ref name="Why Isn't on 'Forbes' List">Template:Cite magazine</ref><ref name="FORBES_The_Next_Bill_Gates">Template:Cite news</ref> From 1995 to 2017, he held the Forbes title of the richest person in the world every year except from 2010 to 2013.<ref name="Forbes profile">Template:Cite web</ref> In October 2017, he was surpassed by Amazon founder and CEO Jeff Bezos, who had an estimated net worth of US$90.6 billion compared to Gates's net worth of US$89.9 billion at the time.<ref name="Forbes">Template:Cite web</ref> As of February 2023, Gates has an estimated net worth of US$113 billion, making him the fourth-richest person in the world.<ref name="Bloomberg">Template:Cite news</ref>

Later in his career and since leaving day-to-day operations at Microsoft in 2008, Gates has pursued many business and philanthropic endeavors. He is the founder and chairman of several companies, including BEN, Cascade Investment, TerraPower, bgC3, and Breakthrough Energy. He has given sizable amounts of money to various charitable organizations and scientific research programs through the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, reported to be the world's largest private charity.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref> Through the foundation, he led an early 21st century vaccination campaign that significantly contributed to the eradication of the wild poliovirus in Africa.<ref>Template:Cite web</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref> In 2010, Gates and Warren Buffett founded The Giving Pledge, whereby they and other billionaires pledge to give at least half of their wealth to philanthropy.<ref name="Fortune challenge">Template:Cite web</ref>